Jurassic Park, is it possible?
DNA- The Basics
DNA is simply a very long series of chemicals that provide instructions for the cell. It appears to a very long and complex molecule, until you start to look at it closely. When you do, you notice that there is a lot of repetition in the molecule. In fact, there is not a lot of variety in the molecule, just the order of each of the molecules. To create a DNA molecule, you will need the basic repeating units: nucleotides. Each nucleotide is, in turn, made up of 3 individual parts, a phosphate group (in red, above), a deoxyribose sugar (in blue, above), and a nitrogenous base (in green, above). The only thing that will change from nucleotide to nucleotide will be the nitrogenous base, of which there are four- adenine (A), cytosine (C), thymine (T) and guanine (G).
Most people are familiar with the structure of DNA. They think of it something like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder would bet he sugar and the phosphate groups, while the rungs or steps of the ladder are the nitrogenous bases (above, left). Although this is correct, in a sense, it is not 100% accurate. The phosphates and the sugars are bonded together with a strong chemical bond. This bond is very stable and relatively hard to break. The nitrogenous bases, however are held together with a relatively weak bond than also has a specific pair/mate. Adenine will pair with Thymine, and Cytosine will pair with Guanine. Due to this pairing, the individual strands will link in opposite directions, also known as antiparallel. To give yourself an idea as to how this would look, make a thumbs up sign and a thumbs down side and then place them next to each other, with the knuckles touching. The 5' end would be the thumbs that are stuck out of your fists.
RNA-The Next Step?
Proteins
DNA to Proteins- The Complete Picture
Amino Acid Chart
Uses of DNA
Images:
http://cdn.playbuzz.com/cdn/1b17d76e-4b66-4e92-b3e9-13329c3f2755/cd838bc1-09fa-4a13-b583-a97f16a2cc9d.jpg
http://www.flickeringmyth.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Jurassic_park.jpg
http://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/Nucleotides.gif
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/DNA_simple2.svg/1000px-DNA_simple2.svg.png
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/molecular%20biology/dsDNA.jpg
http://cdn.playbuzz.com/cdn/1b17d76e-4b66-4e92-b3e9-13329c3f2755/cd838bc1-09fa-4a13-b583-a97f16a2cc9d.jpg
http://www.flickeringmyth.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Jurassic_park.jpg
http://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/Nucleotides.gif
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/DNA_simple2.svg/1000px-DNA_simple2.svg.png
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/molecular%20biology/dsDNA.jpg